Skull with chewing and facial muscles, anatomical model in 3 parts

Anatomically, it should be emphasized that this skull model shows visible masticatory and facial muscles on the right side. These 2 muscle groups can be easily separated visually because they each appear in their own shade of brown. Of the many muscles, only the m. masseter can be detached.



Generally speaking, the human skull can be divided into 2 parts, and the skull model therefore shows the following:



1) The braincase (neurocranium), which is intended to enclose the brain and the hearing-equilibrium organ



2) The facial skeleton (viscerocranium) which surrounds the nasal cavity and forms the tooth-bearing framework around the oral cavity. The 32 teeth are also included



The braincase consists of 8 bones. There are 4 unpaired (the frontal, sphenoid, sphenoid and occipital bones) and 2 paired (the occipital and temporal bones). All these bones as well as sutures can be identified on the skull model.



The facial skeleton includes 6 paired bones (the maxilla, palatine, cheekbone, nasal bone, lacrimal bone, and lower conchbone) and 3 unpaired bones called the mandible, the ploughshare, and the zygomatic bone (some do not count the zygomatic bone as part of the facial skeleton). All these bones and sutures can also be identified on the skull model. NB: The hyoid bone is also included in the facial skeleton but cannot be seen on this skull model.



The human skull contains many holes and channels containing vessels and nerves. Overall, there are connections between the braincase and the neck, to and from the eye socket, to and from the pterygo-palatine fossa and to and from the nasal cavity.



This skull model shows many of the most important holes and canals, but not all. Furthermore, the level of detail on the bones is good. As for "osseous landmarks" such as the processus styloideus, many of the most important are seen, while some minor participants are omitted



As for color markings for skeletal muscles on the left side of the skull model, they are seen in red and blue. These colors symbolize/show respectively origin and attachment. There are color markings for facial muscles, masticatory muscles, palate muscles, tongue muscles as well as some deep neck muscles and some back muscles.